Dhaka University Admission Aid

login/sign up
Menu
{{ search }}
login/sign up

Right forms of verbs এর নিয়ম ও ব্যবহার

Right forms of verbs গুরুত্বপূর্ণ নিয়মগুলো নিচে বর্ণনা করা হলো

1. Present Indefinite Tense এর subject যদি third person singular number হয় তাহলে verb এর শেষে s, es যোগ হবে। কিন্তু অন্য কোন tense এর ক্ষেত্রে হবে না।

✅ Example:

  • He eats rice.
  • He plays football.
  • The boy goes to school regularly.
  • The boy does not go to school daily.
  • The boy generally goes to college at 8 a.m.
  • His father comes home every week.

1. (B): Present indefinite tense-এ Subject third person singular number হওয়া সত্ত্বেও can, must, should এর পরে verb- এর সহিত s/es যোগ হবে না।

  • The man can do the work.
  • She must come to her office in time.
  • The student should learn his lessons regularly.
  • He can walk five miles at a time.
  • The girl must not go to college on foot.

1. (C) Sentence যদি universal truth (চিরন্তন সত্য), Habitual fact (অভ্যাসগত কর্ম) ইত্যাদি বুঝায় তাহলে sentenceটি Present Indefinite Tense হয়। যেমন:

  • The earth moves round the sun.
  • The sun rises in the east.
  • The sun sets in the west.
  • We know that ice floats on water.
  • The teacher said that the earth is round.

1. (D) যেসব Sentence-এ কোনো সময়ের উল্লেখ থাকে না এবং মাঝেমধ্যে generally, usually, ordinarily, normally, always, Sometimes, Often, daily, everyday, regularly, ব্যবহ্নত হয় সেগুলো Present Ind. Tense হয়। যেমন:

  • Sabiha learns her lessons regularly.
  • He always disturbs the students.
  • A good student learns his lessons regularly.
  • Rahman very often come to me.
  • Does he read the newspaper daily?

👉 Present Indefinite Tense এর subject যদি plural number হয় তাহলে verb এর শেষে s/es যোগ হবে না।

  • They play football.
  • They eat rice.

2. Present Indefinite Tense এর subject, third person singular number হলেও সেটি যদি negative sentence হয় তাহলে does not ব্যবহৃত হবে। তখন verb এর শেষে s/es যোগ হবেনা।

  • He does not go to school.
  • Rahim does not eat rice.

3. (A): Modal Auxiliary verb (যেমন: can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, ought to, need, dare, have to, must etc.) এর পরে verb এর present form বসে এবং verb এর সাথে কোন কিছু যোগ হয় না।

3. (B) : Sentence টি Active Voice হলে can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, need, dare, used to, ought to প্রভৃতি Modal Auxiliary Verb-এর পরে present form হয়। যেমন:

  • He can do the work
  • I shall go to the school.
  • You must come home.
  • He should study hard.
  • He could not eat all the mangoes.
  • You must do your duty properly.
  • It may (rain)—today.
  • One should take care of one’s health.

3. (C) : Sentenceটি Passive Voice হলে can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, need, dare, used to, ought to প্রভৃতি Modal Auxiliary Verb-এর পরে be+ Verb-এর past participle form হয়। যেমন:

  • The work can be done immediately.
  • All the mangoes could be eaten.
  • Your duty must be performed very soon.
  • It can not be denied
  • The English book will be bought tomorrow.

4. বাক্যটি যদি universal truth (চিরন্তন সত্য) হয়, habitual fact (অভ্যাসগত কাজ) বোঝায় তাহলে present indefinite tense হবে।

  • The sun rises in the east.
  • Ice floats on water.

5. Sentence টি passive voice হলে এবং modal auxiliary verb (can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, ought to, need, dare, have to, must etc.) এর পরে be + past participle form of verb বসে।

  • It can be done by you.
  • All the fruits could be taken

6. Let, had rather, had better, would better, do not, does not, need not, did not, did never ইত্যাদির পরে Verb-এর present form হয় । যেমন:

  • I let them use my shoes.
  • I had better go to the market by this time.
  • I need not do the work.
  • He did not go to college yesterday.
  • He does not like student-politics.

7. Sentence-এ have/has থাকলে Sentenceটি present perfect Tense হবে। যেমন:

  • She has written a letter to her mother.
  • They have eaten rice.
  • I have had my meal.
  • Have you ever been to the zoo?
  • Colombus has discovered America.

8. Sentence-এ just, just now, already, recently, lately, ever, yet ইত্যাদি থাকলে তা present perfect Tense হয়।

  • He has taken his lunch just now.
  • They have already come home.
  • I have met him recently.
  • Rabeya has taken her dinner just now.
  • I have seen him recently.
  • Have you not receivedmy letter yet?

9. Sentence-এ yesterday, ago, long ago, last week, last year, last month, that day, day before yesterday প্রভৃতি অতীত নির্দেশক শব্দ থাকলে তা Past Indefinite Tense হবে । যেমন:

  • He came home yesterday
  • I went to Cox's Bazar last month.
  • A long time ago, there lived a poor farmer.
  • The boy went home yesterday.
  • Did he come home yesterday?
  • The man went to London last week.
  • He left home last night.

10. To as a Infinitive : এর পরে সবসময় verb এর present form বসে।

1. Purpose or Intention Structure: to + verb → ... করতে / ... করার জন্য

Example:

  • I study to learn.
  • She works hard to succeed.

2. After Certain Verbs: Some verbs are usually followed by "to + verb". In Bengali, this also uses -তে.

Example:

  • I want to eat. (আমি খাতে চাই)
  • They decided to go. ( তারা যাওয়ার সিদ্ধান্ত নিয়েছে।)

3. As Subject or Object When the infinitive acts as the subject or object of a sentence.

Example:

  • To help others is good. অন্যদের সহায়তা করা ভালো।
  • He loves to dance. সে নাচতে ভালোবাসে।
  • You need to do the work in time.
  • He went to the market to buy a shirt.
  • She went to New Market to buy a dress.
  • We have come here to see his ailing mother.
  • The man said to the porter to carry the load.
  • We have to realise the importance of English.

11. ‘Since’ বা ‘for’ এর পরে সময় উল্লেখ থাাকলে senteneটি present perfect Continuous Tense হবে। যেমন:

  • He has been doing the work since the morning.
  • It has been raining for two hours.
  • It has been raining for two hours.
  • It has been raining since the morning.
  • We have been living in Dhaka since 1986.

12. If যুক্ত causeটি Present Indefinite tense হলে অপর Clauseটি Future Indefinite Tense হয়; অর্থাৎ [If +Present Indefinite + Future Indefinite]

  • If you walk slowly, you will miss the train.
  • If he works hard, he will shine in life.
  • If you run in the rain, you will catch cold.
  • If he comes, I’ll go.
  • If you work hard, you’ll shine in life.
  • I will not go out, if it rains.

13. with a view to/look forward to এর পরে Verb এর সহিত ing যোগ হয়।

  • I’m looking forward to getting a job.
  • I went shopping with a view to buying a shirt.
  • I went there with a view to reading there.
  • I am looking forward to getting your reply.
  • We went to Cox’s Bazar with a view to seeing the sea shore.

14. For /in /of /with /without /before /after প্রভৃতি Peposition- এর পরে Verb এর সহিত ing যোগ হয়। যেমন:

  • I don’t believe in overloading my stomach.
  • I’ve never been tired of going there.
  • She can’t go without waiting for me.
  • I had never thought of going there.
  • I could not live without helping the poor.
  • After doing the work, I will go out

15. Mind, would you mind, past, worth, could not help, cannot help এর পরে verb এর সাথে ing যোগ হয়।

  • Would you mind giving me the book?
  • He cannot help doing the assignment.
  • Would you mind giving me a pen?
  • I can not help doing the work.
  • He could not help helping the poor.
  • She never minds having ice cream.
  • He could not help selling his land

16. Sentence এর শুরুতে যদি would that থাকে তাহলে subject এর পর could বসে এবং এরপর verb এর present form বসে। ইংরেজি "Would That " হ'ল ইচ্ছা বা আকাঙ্ক্ষা প্রকাশের উপায়, প্রায়শই এমন কিছুর জন্য যা অসম্ভব বা অসম্ভাব্য। বাংলায়, এটি সাধারণত অনুশোচনা, ইচ্ছা বা আকাঙ্ক্ষা প্রকাশ করে এমন বাক্যাংশ ব্যবহার করা হয়,
যেমন:

ইস যদি... হায় যদি... ইচ্ছে হয়... কেন যে না... কি ভালোই না হতো যদি...

  • Would that I were rich. ইস, আমি যদি ধনী হতাম।
  • Would that I could buy a Toyota car.
  • Would that we had more time! হায়, যদি আমাদের আরও সময় থাকত!
  • Would that he had listened to me. ইস, যদি সে আমার কথা শুনত!
  • Would that the rain would stop. কি ভালোই না হতো যদি বৃষ্টি থামত।
  • Would that I could see her one more time. হায়, যদি আর একবার তাকে দেখতে পেতাম।
  • Would that things were different. ইস, যদি সবকিছু ভিন্ন হতো।
  • Would that I knew the answer. হায়, যদি আমি উত্তরটা জানতাম।
  • Would that I could go to the moon.
  • Would that I could be a poet like Nazrul.
  • Would that I could see our great Prophet (SM).

17. Sentence এ ‘to be’/having/got থাকলে মূল Verb এর Past participle হয়।

  • The thief ran away having seen the policeman.
  • The thief ran away having seen the police.
  • I got the certificates sent by the Headmaster.
  • The Principal desired the notice to be hung.
  • The work is to be done immediately.
  • I got the letter written by him.
  • Having (do)—his duty he went out.
  • Having done his duty he went out.

18. ব্র্যাকেটে (be) থাকলে person, number এবং tense অনুযায়ী am/is/are/was/were/been হবে।

  • It (be) two years ago.
  • Correct Form: It was two years ago.
  • Allah (be) everywhere.
  • Correct Form: Allah is everywhere.
  • One of my friends (be) an honest person.
  • Correct form: One of my friends is an honest person.
  • It (be)—twenty years ago.
  • Correct Form: It was twenty years ago.
  • One of my friends (be)—a good student.
  • Correct Form: One of my friends is/was a good student.

19. বর্তমান কালে চলছে এমন কোন কাজ বোঝালে present continuous tense হয়। (এসব ক্ষেত্রে সাধারণত at present / now/ at this moment ইত্যাদি adverb ব্যবহৃত হয়।)

  • Now the students are singing the national anthem.
  • The boys are watching the television now.
  • He is watching the Television at this moment.
  • They are playing football now
  • Now, they are doing their assignment.
  • They are enjoying a song now.
  • They are watching TV at this moment.
  • The farmer is cultivating his land now.

20. (A): If যুক্ত causeটি Present Indefinite tense হলে অপর Clauseটি Future Indefinite Tense হয়; অর্থাৎ [If +Present Indefinite + Future Indefinite]

  • (a) If you walk slowly, you (miss)—the train.
  • Ans. If you walk slowly, you will miss the train.
  • If he works hard, he (shine)—in life.
  • Ans. If he works hard, he will shine in life.
  • If you run in the rain, you (catch)—cold.
  • Ans. If you run in the rain, you will catch cold.
  • I will not go out, if it (rain)—.
  • Ans: I will not go out, if it rains
  • If he (come)—here, I will go there with him.
  • Ans: If he comes here, I will go there with him.

20. (B): যদি had/if যুক্ত clause টি past indefinite tense হয় তাহলে পরের clause টি তে subject এর পর would /could /might বসে এবং verb এর present form হয়।
যেমন:

  • (a) If he requested me, I (go)— there.
  • Ans. If he requested me, I would go there.
  • If I were a rich man, I (help)—the poor.
  • Ans. If I were a rich man, I would help the poor.
  • If I were the President, I (remove)—the terrorism.
  • Ans. If I were the President, I would remove the terrorism.
  • Had I much money, I (establish)—a college.
  • Ans. Had I much money, I would establish a college.
  • Had I the wings of a bird, I (fly)—like a bird.
  • Ans: Had I the wings of a bird, I would fly like a bird.

20 (C): যদি had/if যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense হয় তাহলে পরের clause টি তে subject এর পর would have/could have/might have বসে এবং verb এর past participle form হয়।
Structure: Subject + had + PV(3) + Subject + would have / could have / might have + PV(3)

  • If he had invited, I (go)—.
  • Ans. If he had invited, I would have gone.
  • If I had been a rich man, I (help)—the poor.
  • Ans. If I had been a rich man, I would have helped the poor.
  • I would have helped him, if he (want)—.
  • Ans. I would have helped him, if he had wanted.
  • We would have come, if he (invite)—.
  • Ans: We would have come, if he had invited
  • If you had stated earlier, you (catch)—the bus.
  • Ans: If you had stated earlier, you could have caught the bus.
  • If you had walked fast, you could have reached the station.
  • If he had come, I would have gone to the market.

21. Sentence-এ wish, fancy, it is time, it is high time ইত্যাদি থাকলে Verb এর Past Tense হয় এবং (be) থাকলেই were হয়। যেমন:

  • I wish I won the first prize.
  • It is high time you changed your bad habits.
  • I fancy I flew in the sky.
  • (a) I wish I (win)—the first prize in the lottery.
  • Ans. I wish I won the first prize in the lottery.
  • I fancy I (fly)—among the stars.
  • Ans. I fancy I flew among the stars.
  • It is time you (change)—your bad habit.
  • Ans. It is time you changed your bad habit.
  • I wish I (be)—a rich man.
  • Ans: I wish I were a rich man.
  • It is time we (earn)—our livelihood.
  • Ans: It is time we earned our livelihood.

22. Sentence-এ যদি as if, as though ইত্যাদি থাকে তাহলে বন্ধনীস্থ (be) এর স্থলে were বসে। যেমন:

  • He speaks as if he were the leader.
  • He acts as though he were a hero.
  • He speaks as if he (be)—the owner of the farm.
  • Ans. He speaks as if he were the owner of the farm.
  • The man speaks as though he (be)—a leader.
  • Ans. The man speaks as though he were a leader.
  • The man speaks as if he (be)—a landlord.
  • Ans. The man speaks as if he were a landlord.
  • The man speaks as though he (be)—a rich man.
  • Ans: The man speaks as though he were a rich man.
  • He speaks as if he (be)—the President of Bangladesh.
  • Ans: He speaks as if he were the President of Bangladesh.

23. Sentence - each, every, everyone, anyone, any, many a, everybody, every thing, anybody, nobody, no one, nothing, anything, something, someone, one of, either, neither ইতাদি থাকলে verb-এর Singular Number হয়। যেমন:

  • Each of the students was present.
  • Every father dedicates his life to his children.
  • One of the students was very talented.
  • Neither of the two brothers was present in the class.
  • Every mother (love)—her child.
  • Ans. Every mother loves her child.
  • One of the students (be)—very brilliant.
  • Ans. One of the students is/was very brilliant.
  • Each of the boys (be)—present yesterday.
  • Ans. Each of the boys was present yesterday.
  • Many a boy (ruin)—his career through laziness.
  • Ans: Many a boy ruins his career through laziness.
  • Neither of the two boys (be)—present today.
  • Ans: Neither of the two boys is present today.

24. While এর পর verb থাকলে সেটির সাথে ing যোগ হয়। কিন্তু while এর পর subject থাকলে এর অংশটি past continuous tense হয়।

  • While walking through the zoo, I saw a
  • While it was raining, I was watching a movie.
  • While (walk)—in the garden, a snake bit him.
  • Ans. While walking in the garden, a snake bit him.
  • While he (walk)—in the garden, a snake bit him.
  • Ans. While he was walking in the garden, a snake bit him.
  • While it (rain)—, I was going to college.
  • Ans. While it was raining, I was going to college.
  • While (sleep)—in his room, he dreamt a nice dream.
  • Ans: While sleeping in his room, he dreamt a nice dream.
  • My uncle arrived while she (cook)—the dinner.
  • Ans: My uncle arrived while she was cooking the dinner.

24. By-এর পরে Verb এর সহিত ing যোগ হয়। The phrase "by + verb + ing" is commonly used in English to express the means or method of doing something — in other words, how something is done.

👉 Structure: by + verb-ing = মাধ্যমে কিছু করা হচ্ছে / করার উপায়

👉 " In Bengali, "by + verb + ing" is usually translated as: "... করে", "... করার মাধ্যমে", or "... এর ফলে", depending on the context.যেমন:

  • Answer the questions by writing one point of information.
  • By digging a deeper hole, Jerry planted a tree.
  • No student can pass the examination by adopting unfair means in the examination.
  • By being conscious of a language one can develop his ‘explicit’ learning.

25. অনেক সময় একই স্থান, দৈর্ঘ্য বা পরিমাপ বোঝালে subject দেখতে plural মনে হলেও verb টি singular form হয়।

  • Twenty miles was a long way.
  • Two hundred miles is not a long distance in this modern era.
  • Previously fifty miles (be)—a long way.
  • Ans. Previously fifty miles was a long way.
  • Twenty miles (be)—not a great distance now a days.
  • Ans. Twenty miles is not a great distance now a days.
  • Sixty cents (be)—was enough for him.
  • Ans. Sixty cents is/was was enough for him.
  • Twenty dollars (be)—not sufficient in line.
  • Ans: Twenty dollars is not sufficient in line.
  • Fifty cents (be)—enough at that time.
  • Ans: Fifty cents is enough at that time.

26. Main Clause-এর Verbটি Past Tense-এর হলে এবং পরের অংশে next day, next week, next month, next year ইত্যাদি উল্লেখ থাকলে Subject-পরে would/should বসে এবং Verb –এর Present Form হয়।

  • He told that he would go home the next week.
  • She said that she would buy land next year.
  • He said that he (go)…….. home the next day.
  • Ans. He said that he would go home the next day.
  • He told that he (come) ……..here the next year.
  • Ans. He told that he would come here the next year.
  • He said that he (buy)…… a new TV the next day.
  • Ans. He said that he would buy a new TV the next day.
  • She said that she (sell) ……. her land the next month.
  • Ans: She said that she would sell her land the next month.
  • The man said that he (go) …….. to London the next day.
  • Ans: The man said that he would go to London the next day.

27. After এর পরের এবং before এর আগের clause টি past perfect tense হবে এবং অন্য clause টি past indefinite tense হবে।

  • The train had left the station before we reached.
  • The doctor came after the patient had died.
  • The doctor (come)__before the patient came.
  • Ans. The doctor had come before the patient came.
  • The doctor came after the patient (die)__.
  • Ans. The doctor came after the patient had died.
  • The train left …… they had reached the station.
  • Ans. The train left after they had reached the station.
  • The patient had died …… the doctor came.
  • Ans: The patient had died before the doctor came.
  • The train (start) ….. before they reached there.
  • Ans: The train had started before they reached there.

28. Sentenceটি Passive voice হলে Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb ও Verb-এর Past participle বসাতে হবে এবং gap-এর পরে Subject থাকলে by বসাতে হবে।

  • English is spoken all over the world.
  • We are taught English by Firoz Hossain
  • English (speak)_all over the world.
  • Ans. English is spoken all over the world.
  • English (speak)_ the English.
  • Ans. English is spoken by the English.
  • He has (expel)__from the examination hall.
  • Ans. He has been expelled from the examination hall.
  • The boys (send)__ to school yesterday.
  • Ans: The boys were sent to school yesterday.
  • The bird (kill)__on the ship last week.
  • Ans: The bird was killed on the ship last week.
  • Cricket (play)__all over the world.
  • Ans: Cricket is played all over the world.

29. কিছু ব্যতিক্রম ছাড়া Principal Clause-এর Verb যদি Past Tense এর হয় তবে Subordinate Clause-এর Verb-ও Past Tense-এ হবে এবং একটি Present হলে অপরটি Present হবে।

  • (a) The man was so ill that he (will) ……….. not be able to attend the meeting.
  • Ans. The man was so ill that he would not be able to attend the meeting.
  • I knew that he (will not come) …………. to me for his personal purpose.
  • Ans. I knew that he would not come to me for his personal purpose.

Important Rules of Right Form of Verb:

RULE 1: Singular Subject = Singular Verb, Plural Subject = Plural verb

Example:

  • Shahin is a meritorious student.
  • Vehicles create traffic jam.

RULE 2: Preposition : ( in, at, on, of, for, from, by, with, without, before, after, into, across, about ) + noun or Verb + ing.

  • Television is an important source of entertainment or entertaining.
  • Children are fond of using mobile Phone.

RULE 3: To + Verb1 but (Addicted to, Adverse to, Be used to, With a view to, Look forward to, Get used to, Be accustomed to) + Verb + ing.

  • Shimu went to London to get a good job.
  • Shamim tried to join the Navy .
  • We are looking forward to hearing from you.
  • He went to the Stage with a view to dancing.
  • People of Bangladesh are used to eating by their hands.

RULE 4 : While + Verb + ing

  • While walking in the garden, I saw a snake.
  • While sleeping I dreamt a good dream.

RULE 5: (have, has, had, get, got, getting, having ) + V3 or Adjective.

  • She got married yesterday.
  • I had my car cleaned.
  • Having taken the money, the thief ran away.
  • Our Culture is getting westernized.

RULE 6: Passive Voice : (Can be, could be, may be , might be, Shall be, should be, will be, would be, must be, used to be, have to be, ought to be ) + V3

  • The work ought to be done.
  • He will be helped by me.

RULE 7 (A): There + is/was/has + Singular Subject.

  • There is a Mosque in our village.

RULE 7 (B): There + are/were/have + plural Sub.

  • There are two ponds in our Village.

RULE 8: ( Each, every , one, any) + one or more singular Sub. + Singular Verb.

  • Each boy and each girl was present there.
  • Every boy and girl has been given 100 tk.

RULE 9: (Somebody, Someone, anyone, everyone, nobody) + Singular verb.

  • Someone has stolen the pen.
  • Somebody left their phone on the table.
  • Somebody is at the door.
  • Someone needs help
  • Everyone has arrived.
  • Nobody is here.

RULE 10: (some boys, Some toys) + plural verb.

  • Some boys have failed in the examination.

RULE 11: (any, none, each, every, either, neither, one) + of + plural Sub. + singular Verb.

  • One of the boys is present there.
  • None of them was present there.
  • Either of them has stolen it.

RULE 12: ( Population, public, crowd, army, congress, committee, team, government, family, pair, dozen, scenery, knowledge, hundred, thousand, furniture, machinery, information, bread, money, advice, poetry, gallows, ethics, mathematics, physics, news, electronics, dynamics, 2/3….dollars, 2/3….miles, ) + singular verb.

  • Family: The family enjoys hiking together every weekend.
  • Pair: A pair of shoes was left outside the door.
  • Dozen: A dozen eggs is enough for the recipe.
  • Scenery: The scenery in the mountains is absolutely breathtaking.
  • Knowledge: Knowledge grows when it is shared.
  • Thousand: A thousand stars lit up the night sky.
  • Furniture: The furniture in that room is antique and valuable.
  • Machinery: The machinery needs to be oiled regularly.
  • Information: The information you gave me was very helpful.
  • Bread: The bread smells fresh and warm from the oven.
  • Money: Money can't buy happiness, but it helps.
  • Advice: His advice changed the way I think about life.
  • Poetry: Poetry expresses feelings words often cannot.
  • Gallows: The gallows stood as a grim reminder of justice.
  • Mathematics: Mathematics is essential for engineering and science.
  • Physics: Physics helps us understand how the universe works.
  • News: The news spread quickly through the village.
  • Ill news runs a pace .
  • Physics is a critical subject.

RULE 13 : (people, spectacles, trousers, scissors, benches, cloths, goods, headquarters, vegetables, laws, police, cattle, folk, circumstances, gentry.) + plural verb.

  • People: People are waiting outside for the concert to begin.
  • Spectacles: Spectacles help him see clearly while reading.
  • Trousers: Trousers were hanging on the clothesline to dry.
  • Scissors: Scissors are kept in the drawer for safety.
  • Benches: Benches in the park were freshly painted yesterday.
  • Cloths: Cloths of different colors were spread across the table.
  • Goods: Goods imported from Italy are sold at a premium price.
  • Vegetables: Vegetables grow well in this type of soil.
  • Laws: Laws exist to maintain order in society.
  • Police: Police have launched an investigation into the robbery.
  • Cattle: Cattle are grazing peacefully in the field.
  • Folk: Folk here are known for their warm hospitality.
  • Circumstances: Circumstances have changed since we last spoke.
  • Gentry: Gentry of the region were invited to the royal event.
  • His circumstances are not good.
  • People don’t eat the same food.
  • Vegetables contain vitamin.

RULE 14: (who, whose, whom, which, that) follow only their before subject to choose a verb.

  • It is I who am your friend.
  • It is you who are my friend.

RULE 15: The phrase “prefer to” is commonly used in English to express choices, likes, or priorities. Here's how to use it correctly and effectively, with examples to show the best use cases:

🔹 Structure: Prefer to + verb + ing

  • Lata prefers to reading newspaper.
  • Joynal prefers to eating betel.

🔹 Structure: Subject + prefer to + base verb

  • She prefers to work in the morning.
  • We prefer to stay home on weekends.

🔹Prefer + noun + to + noun Used when comparing things (nouns).
🔹 Structure: Subject + prefer + noun + to + noun

  • I prefer tea to coffee.
  • They prefer movies to books.
  • He prefers city life to rural life.

RULE 16: ( Feel, love, hear, like, hate, see, forget, consist, seem, sound, smell, believe, know, wish, doubt, prefer, imagine, fear, taste, astonish, please, understand) they are used in present Indefinite tense not in continuous tense.

  • I see the bird.
  • I hear news.
  • I forget everything.

RULE 17: Distance/money/time + singular verb

  • Thirty miles is a long way.
  • 100 years is a long time.
  • Money begets money.

RULE 18: (Always, regularly, generally, usually, occasionally, normally, naturally, frequently, everyday, daily, often) = Present Indefinite Tense.

  • Organizations frequently need employees who speak a standard form of English.
  • English usually helps to get good job.
  • He always prays his prayer.

RULE 19: ( yesterday, one day, ago, once, last, after a few days, last night, once upon a time, in the past, previously.) = Past Indefinite Tense.

  • I received your letter yesterday.
  • One day I borrowed a book from you.

RULE 20: (ask, decide, demand, forget, happen, hope, learn, manage, neglect, offer, plain, prepare, promise, remember, seem, try , want) + to

  • Shihab neglects to his friend.
  • It seems to me false.
  • We have decided to start a business.

RULE 21: Lest…. Should…

  • Walk fast lest you should miss the train.
  • Read attentively lest you should fail in the exam.

RULE 22: Past Indefinite tense + since + Past perfect tense.

  • Many years passed since I had seen her last.

RULE 23: Uncountable noun ( water, air, tea, sugar, environment, furniture, kindness, rainfall, reputation, wood, paper, gum, courtesy, earth, bread, oxygen, smoke, Bangla, English.) + singular verb.

  • Air is very important element of the environment.
  • Water plays a vital role in agriculture.

RULE 24: "No sooner had...than" হল একটি ব্যাকরণগত কাঠামো যা ব্যবহৃত হয়, যে একটি ঘটনার পরপরই আরেকটি ঘটনা ঘটে, এবং প্রথমটির প্রায় তাৎক্ষণিকভাবে দ্বিতীয় ঘটনা ঘটে।
No sooner had….than,
Scarcely had…..when,
hardly had…before/when.

No sooner had….than,
Structure: The structure is "No sooner had [subject] [past participle] than [subject] [verb]".

  • No sooner had I arrived at the station than the train came".
  • No sooner had she left the house than it started raining
  • No sooner had I closed my eyes than I fell asleep
  • No sooner had he seen the police than he ran away.

Note: The second event is introduced with "than" and not "then".

Scarcely had…..when,
"Scarcely had..." is followed by "when" to express that one event happened almost immediately after another,
structure: "Scarcely had [subject] [verb] when [second event]".

Structure: "Scarcely had" is used to introduce the first event, which is in the past perfect tense. "When" introduces the second event, which is in the simple past tense.

  • Scarcely had I sat down when the phone rang
  • Scarcely had the demonstration started when trouble broke out
  • Scarcely had they left before soldiers arrived armed with rifles

hardly had…before/when,
When using "hardly had," you should use "when" or "before" to introduce the second event in a sequence, emphasizing that the second event happened very shortly after the first.

Meaning: "Hardly had..." or "scarcely had..." means that something happened very shortly after another event.
Structure:
Hardly had... when... (or scarcely had... when)
Hardly had... before... (or scarcely had... before)

  • Hardly had I closed my eyes when the phone rang
  • I had hardly finished cleaning up the mess when / before my son dropped cake on the floor
  • Hardly had she drunk the magic liquid when she began to see everything in strange and vivid colours.

RULE 24: If Simple Sentence contains two main verbs , It may be 2nd verb with ing or to + 2nd verb with present form.

  • I saw him going .
  • I am going to open a bank account.